Past Perfect

Selain Past Continuous, Past Perfect juga sering menjadi “momok” bagi para pembelar awal tenses khususnya dalam memahami makna atau fungsinya. Sama dengan logika pada Past Continuous, dalam memahami Past Perfect kita bisa membuat padanan dari Present Perfect. JIka saat ini saya sudah membeli baju, esok hari saya bisa mengatakan kalau kemarin saya sudah membeli baju. Yang perlu diperhatikan adalah, 
Past Perfect biasanya tidak sendiri, tapi diikuti oleh kegiatan yang lain atau minimal konteks waktu (saat) tertentu. Sperti: Saya sudah membeli baju ketika seorang teman main kerumah kemarin.

Pola kalimat:     

(+)
S + had + V3 + O
( - )
S + had + not + V3 + O
( ? )
Had + S + V3 + O

Contoh:    
           
(+) Frank had gone to bus station when Alice came to his house.
      Frank sudah pergi ke terminal ketika Alice datang ke rumahnya.

     Before I found it, I had called the policeman. 
     Sebelum saya menemukanya, saya telah menelpon polisi.

    By the time I came home last week, my father had bought me a bicycle.
    Pada waktu saya pulang kerumah minggu lalu, ayahku sudah membelikanku sebuah sepeda.

- Kata bantu "had" digunakan pada semua subject.

(-) Frank had not gone to bus station when Alice came to his house.
     Before I found it, I had not called the policeman.
     By the time I came home last week, my father had not bought me a bicycle.

(?) Had Frank gone to bus station when Alice came to his house?
     Had I called the policeman before I found it?
     Had my father bought me a bicycle by the time I came home last week?


Respon: 

Yes, he had./ I had./ he had
No, he hadn’t./ I hadn’t/ he hadn’t.


Keterangan waktu

after (setelah)  
before (sebelum)                           
when… (ketika)               
by the time (disaat)

Contoh penggunaan WH-Question pada Past Perfect:

Who had gone to bus station when Alice came last week?
Siapa yang telah pergi ke terminal ketika Alice datang minggu lalu?

What had he done when Alice came last week?
Apa yang telah dia lakukan ketika Alice datang minggu lalu?

Where had he gone when Alice came last week?
Dimana dia telah pergi ketika Alice datang minggu lalu?

With whom had he gone to bus station when Alice came last week?
Dengan siapa dia telah pergi ke terminal ketika Alice datang minggu lalu?
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